With the continuous progress of science and technology, intelligent materials are widely used in modern industry, especially in hydraulic control system. The appearance of intelligent material servo valve brings new possibilities for improving system performance. The so-called smart material servo valve refers to the servo valve that uses smart materials with the ability to perceive and respond to the external environment as the executing or sensing elements. This kind of servo valve can quickly and accurately adjust the flow and pressure according to the change of external signals, thus achieving high-precision control of the system.
The core of intelligent material servo valve is that the intelligent material it uses has the ability to respond to external stimuli (such as electric field, magnetic field and temperature). Common smart materials include piezoelectric ceramics, shape memory alloy (SMA), magnetostrictive materials and electrostrictive materials. These materials can produce tiny but controllable deformation or displacement when they are stimulated, and drive the valve to open or close or adjust, so as to realize fluid control.
In terms of response mechanism, taking piezoelectric ceramics as an example, when voltage is applied, piezoelectric materials will produce linear or bending deformation, which will drive the spool inside the servo valve to move. This change has the advantages of fast response, high positioning accuracy and low energy consumption. Therefore, the intelligent material servo valve based on piezoelectric effect has obvious advantages in high frequency and high precision control occasions.
The response process of intelligent material servo valve generally includes the following steps: first, the control system calculates the required valve opening according to the feedback signal; And then transmit that electric signal
to the intelligent material driver; The driver is deformed under the action of electric signal to drive the valve
core to move; Finally, the accurate adjustment of the flow or pressure
of the hydraulic system is realized. The whole process can be completed in milliseconds or even less, which significantly improves the dynamic response performance of the system.
In addition, the intelligent material servo valve has good adaptability and integration, can be seamlessly connected with modern digital control systems, and is widely used in aerospace, intelligent manufacturing, robotics, automotive engineering and other fields.
In a word, intelligent material servo valve is gradually replacing traditional hydraulic components and becoming an important development direction of hydraulic control system in the future with its advantages of fast response, high precision control, energy saving and high efficiency. With the continuous breakthrough of intelligent material technology, its application prospect will be broader.